Pediatrics 2 : e Cite Icon Cite. Potentially Traumatic Experiences. Trauma Symptoms Table 5. Office Response. None None to some Primary prevention: anticipatory guidance; resilience promotion Single-incident or minor trauma None or latent or mild Secondary prevention: anticipatory guidance; resilience promotion; trauma- informed guidance; close monitoring: screen for trauma history and symptoms Major event or cumulative Mild to moderate Secondary and tertiary prevention: anticipatory guidance; resilience promotion; psychoeducation; trauma-informed guidance, close monitoring, and follow-up; possible referrals to community services, mental health Major event or cumulative Moderate to severe Tertiary prevention and treatment: anticipatory guidance; resilience promotion; psychoeducation; trauma-informed guidance, close monitoring, and follow-up; avoidance of retraumatization; referrals to community services; referral to evidence-based and evidence-informed trauma mental health services.
View Large. View large Download slide. Implications and Associations. Terminology of Traumas. T Thinking and learning brain, with opportunity for continued growth; cognitive development H Hope, optimism, faith, belief in a future for oneself R Regulation self-regulation, self-control of emotions, behaviors, attention, and impulses E Efficacy self-efficacy or sense that one can impact their environment or outcomes A Attachment, secure attachment relationship with safe, stable, and nurturing caregiver or competent caregiver D Development, mastery of age-salient developmental tasks S Social context, or the larger network of healthy relationships in which one lives and learns.
F Frets anxiety and worry and fears R Regulation difficulties disorders of behaviors or emotions; hyperactive, impulsive, easily becomes aggressive or emotional; inattentive A Attachment challenges insecure attachment relationships with caregivers ; poor peer relationships Y Yawning sleep problems and yelling aggression, impulsivity E Educational and developmental delays especially cognitive, social-emotional, and communication D Defeated hopeless , depressed, or dissociated separated from reality of moment, lives in own head.
Impacts of Trauma on Function and Behavior. Clinical Presentation. Changes in auditory processing Children may lose the ability to hear sounds of safety musical high-pitched voice and be preferentially attuned to low-pitched sounds that warn of caregiver depression and anger. This can result in strong negative reactions as the first response to a stimulus that might be benign or ambiguous.
Prevention of exposures to reminders or triggers is the best approach. Triggers may be subtle, so educating and assisting caregivers with their identification is key. These behaviors can evoke some of the same reactions from caregivers that the child experienced with other adults, reinforcing a familiar pattern of interactions that may not be productive in the new setting. Restoring safety To reduce the stress response after trauma, caregivers can: repeatedly assure a child or teenager that they are safe now; allow the youth to express how they feel and listen attentively; provide extra physical contact if appropriate with hugs, touch, and rocking for younger children.
Routines Routines or rituals also help reduce the stress response after the unpredictability and chaos of trauma by restoring a sense of order. Preparing children for changes in routines, or, for the child in foster care or the child of separated or divorced parents, for visitation, can reduce stress responses.
Relaxation techniques Provide information verbally, with printed instructions or on phone apps that guide relaxation, meditation, and mindfulness. Refer to community programs that provide training in belly breathing, guided imagery, meditation, mindfulness, yoga, stretching, and massage, which can help to reduce the fight-or-flight responses and symptoms.
Small successes Children who experience trauma may have delays in skill development. It may take lots of repetition and practice before a skill or behavior is learned, so it is useful to celebrate and reward small steps toward desired behaviors. Emotional container Child may have strong emotions if reminded of trauma, and the emotions may be directed at the caregiver, although they are usually not about the caregiver.
Caregiver needs to remain calm to model self-regulation and avoid retraumatizing the child. Cognitive triangle Thoughts impact feelings, which then impact behavior, which then reimpacts thoughts. For example, if children worry they cannot fall asleep, they will then feel nervous and stressed, and then not be able to fall asleep, reinforcing their cognitive belief that they cannot fall asleep. Similarly, if children think no one likes them, they will feel rejected and may lash out at another child, leading to rejection by that child and reinforcing their belief that they are not liked.
Distraction Children who are dysregulating may benefit from distraction from the traumatic thoughts by suggesting a game, music, calling a friend, or deep breathing in a calm environment. Suzanne B. Search ADS. Adverse childhood experiences and mental health in young adults: a longitudinal survey. The impact of adverse childhood experiences on an urban pediatric population. Clinical and functional correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder in urban adolescent girls at a primary care clinic.
Accessed January 11, Applying trauma-informed practices to the care of refugee and immigrant youth: 10 clinical pearls. Issue brief: a national and across-state profile on adverse childhood experiences among children and possibilities to heal and thrive. A new framework for addressing adverse childhood and community experiences: the building community resilience model.
Early childhood adversity, toxic stress, and the role of the pediatrician: translating developmental science into lifelong health. The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood. A convergence of evidence from neurobiology and epidemiology. Implementing a trauma-informed approach in pediatric health care networks. Barriers to the identification and management of psychosocial problems: changes from to Genome-wide DNA methylation levels and altered cortisol stress reactivity following childhood trauma in humans.
Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. Primary care interventions to prevent or treat traumatic stress in childhood: a systematic review. Essentials for childhood: creating Safe, stable, nurturing relationships and environments.
Positive parenting predicts the development of adolescent brain structure: a longitudinal study. Central role of the brain in stress and adaptation: links to socioeconomic status, health, and disease.
Vital Signs: estimated proportion of adult health problems attributable to adverse childhood experiences and implications for prevention - 25 states, — Women, co-occurring disorders, and violence study: evaluation design and study population. Positive childhood experiences and adult mental and relational health in a statewide sample: associations across adverse childhood experiences levels.
Family resilience and connection promote flourishing among US children, even amid adversity. Available at: www. Health and home environments of caregivers of children investigated by child protective services. Longitudinal experiences of children remaining at home after a first-time investigation for suspected maltreatment. Predictors of placement for children who initially remained in their homes after an investigation for abuse or neglect.
Perceived discrimination and self-reported quality of care among Latinos in the United States. Impact of punitive immigration policies, parent-child separation and child detention on the mental health and development of children. The environment of poverty: multiple stressor exposure, psychophysiological stress, and socioemotional adjustment.
Transmitting trauma: a systematic review of vicarious racism and child health. Historical trauma as public narrative: a conceptual review of how history impacts present-day health. Violence, crime, and abuse exposure in a national sample of children and youth: an update. Pervasive trauma exposure among US sexual orientation minority adults and risk of posttraumatic stress disorder.
Mundane extreme environmental stress and African American families: a case for recognizing different realities. Ethnic microaggressions and the depressive and somatic symptoms of Latino and Asian American adolescents. Posttraumatic stress following acute medical trauma in children: a proposed model of bio-psycho-social processes during the peri-trauma period.
Predicting posttraumatic stress following pediatric injury: a systematic review. Malleability, plasticity, and individuality: how children learn and develop in context.
Neurobiology of infant attachment: attachment despite adversity and parental programming of emotionality. Good enough parenting for all children--a strategy for a healthier society.
Infant-parent attachment: definition, types, antecedents, measurement and outcome. The role of oxytocin in social bonding, stress regulation and mental health: an update on the moderating effects of context and interindividual differences. Preventing childhood toxic stress: partnering with families and communities to promote relational health. Screening for adverse childhood experiences ACEs : cautions and suggestions.
Implicit bias: what every pediatrician should know about the effect of bias on health and future directions. The science of early life toxic stress for pediatric practice and advocacy. From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain. Identifying, treating, and referring traumatized children: the role of pediatric providers. Children exposed to maltreatment: assessment and the role of psychotropic medication.
Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. Neurobiological effects of childhood abuse: implications for the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety. The effects of childhood maltreatment on brain structure, function and connectivity.
Perceived threat in childhood: a review of research and implications for children living in violent households. Childhood maltreatment and psychopathology: a case for ecophenotypic variants as clinically and neurobiologically distinct subtypes. Early childhood stress exposure, reward pathways, and adult decision making.
Synergistic effects of traffic-related air pollution and exposure to violence on urban asthma etiology. Parental perspectives of screening for adverse childhood experiences in pediatric primary care.
Caregiver opinion of in-hospital screening for unmet social needs by pediatric residents. A common factors approach to improving the mental health capacity of pediatric primary care. Modifiable resilience factors to childhood adversity for clinical pediatric practice. Collaborative and Proactive Solutions CPS : a review of research findings in families, schools, and treatment facilities.
Promoting optimal development: identifying infants and young children with developmental disorders through developmental surveillance and screening. Use of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist to screen for psychosocial problems in pediatric primary care: a national feasibility study. Psychometric properties of the parent and teacher versions of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire for 4- to year-olds: a review.
Evaluation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item for detecting major depression among adolescents. Incorporating recognition and management of perinatal depression into pediatric practice.
Methods to assess adverse childhood experiences of children and families: toward approaches to promote child well-being in policy and practice. Screening for adverse childhood experiences ACEs in an integrated pediatric care model. Multiple behavior change intervention to improve detection of unmet social needs and resulting resource referrals.
Parental adverse childhood experiences and resilience on coping after discharge. Parental adverse childhood experiences and offspring development at 2 years of age.
Intergenerational associations of parent adverse childhood experiences and child health outcomes. Inside the Adverse Childhood Experience Score: strengths, limitations, and misapplications.
Continuing conversations about adverse childhood experiences ACEs screening: a public health perspective. Capitalizing on advances in science to reduce the health consequences of early childhood adversity. Leveraging the biology of adversity and resilience to transform pediatric practice. Interventions to improve cortisol regulation in children: a systematic review.
Towards precision medicine for stress disorders: diagnostic biomarkers and targeted drugs. A meta-analysis of the relationship between job burnout and secondary traumatic stress among workers with indirect exposure to trauma.
Compassion fatigue among healthcare, emergency and community service workers: a systematic review. What comes first, job burnout or secondary traumatic stress? Findings from two longitudinal studies from the U. Secondary traumatic stress and burnout in child welfare workers: a comparative analysis of occupational distress across professional groups.
The prevalence of compassion fatigue and burnout among healthcare professionals in intensive care units: a systematic review. Clinical practice guideline for screening and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Child abuse, resting blood pressure, and blood pressure reactivity to psychosocial stress. Adverse childhood experiences and blood pressure trajectories from childhood to young adulthood: the Georgia stress and Heart study.
Health care issues for children and adolescents in foster care and kinship care. Making the case for ACEs: adverse childhood experiences, obesity, and long-term health. Association between cumulative exposure to adverse childhood experiences and childhood obesity. Childhood adversity and adult chronic disease: an update from ten states and the District of Columbia, Mental health problems in teens investigated by U.
Clinical significance of a proposed developmental trauma disorder diagnosis: results of an international survey of clinicians. Psychological and pharmacologic treatment of youth with posttraumatic stress disorder: an evidence-based review.
Stress predicts brain changes in children: a pilot longitudinal study on youth stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and the hippocampus. The impact of the developmental timing of trauma exposure on PTSD symptoms and psychosocial functioning among older adults. Developmental considerations for diagnosing PTSD and acute stress disorder in preschool and school-age children.
Biological sensitivity to context: the interactive effects of stress reactivity and family adversity on socioemotional behavior and school readiness. Biological sensitivity to context: I. An evolutionary-developmental theory of the origins and functions of stress reactivity. Orchids and dandelions: how some children are more susceptible to environmental influences for better or worse and the implications for child development.
Parent—child interaction therapy as an attachment-based intervention: theoretical rationale and pilot data with adopted children. Maternal warmth and toddler development: support for transactional models in disadvantaged families. Evidence base update for psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents exposed to traumatic events. Clinical considerations related to the behavioral manifestations of child maltreatment.
Integrated medical-behavioral care compared with usual primary care for child and adolescent behavioral health: a meta-analysis. Role of human ventromedial prefrontal cortex in learning and recall of enhanced extinction.
A brief exposure-based treatment vs cognitive processing therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized noninferiority clinical trial. Guidelines for establishing a telemental health program to provide evidence-based therapy for trauma-exposed children and families. The empirical evidence for telemedicine interventions in mental disorders. Risking connection trauma training: a pathway toward trauma-informed care in child congregate care settings.
What are effective strategies for implementing trauma-informed care in youth inpatient psychiatric and residential treatment settings? A realist systematic review. Development and pilot implementation of a trauma-informed care curriculum for pediatric residents.
Addressing social determinants of health at well child care visits: a cluster RCT. Association of resident fatigue and distress with perceived medical errors. Executive leadership and physician well-being: nine organizational strategies to promote engagement and reduce burnout. Burnout and satisfaction with work-life balance among US physicians relative to the general US population.
Changes in burnout and satisfaction with work-life balance in physicians and the general US working population between and [published correction appears in Mayo Clin Proc. Impact of organizational leadership on physician burnout and satisfaction.
Relationship between clerical burden and characteristics of the electronic environment with physician burnout and professional satisfaction. In search of joy in practice: a report of 23 high-functioning primary care practices. Breaking the rules? A corpus-based comparison of informal features in L1 and L2 undergraduate student writing.
System, 80 , Bychkovska, T. At the same time: Lexical bundles in L1 and L2 university student argumentative writing. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 30 , Peterson, E.
Developing a graphic text messaging intervention for smoking cessation targeting first-generation Chinese immigrant men: Insights from focus group interviews. Emerald Studies in Media and Communication. Stenhouse, N. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Health Education Research , 31 5 , — Mayer, J. The semiotics of signs: What protest placards tell us about the Tea Party movement. Visual Communication Quarterly, 22, Cai, X.
Chinese Journal of Communication , 7, Click here, Kids! Journal of Children and Media. Communication Studies, 60, International Journal of Sustainability Communication , 4, Health Communication , 24, From self-enhancement to supporting censorship: The third-person effect process in the case of Internet pornography.
Communication Research , 35, Advertisements and privacy: Comparing for-profit and non-profit websites for children. Communication Research Reports, 25, Cairnie, T. Harre' and F. Moghaddam Eds. Praegar, Chapter 3. Harre', R. Research Interests: Culture, land tenure, and the environment in Amazonia; Indigenous and local knowledge systems; environmental justice; sustainability science and policy; ethnography and sociocultural theory.
Winner of the James M. Research Interests: Federal courts, legal decision making, legal empirical research, psychology and law, judicial education.
Research Interests: Medieval and Early Modern Spain, Colonial Spanish-American literature and historiography, Modern Spanish Peninsular literature and culture, cultural studies, comparative literature, literary theory, performance studies, and popular culture.
View the press release pdf and the book covers pdf. Idoya Puig and Karl McLaughlin. Oxford: Peter Lang, , Research Interests: empowerment, resilience, community-based learning, transformative education, civic engagement, intimate partner violence, client-centered services. Cattaneo, L. Survivor-centered practice and survivor empowerment: Evidence from a research-practitioner partnership. Violence Against Women.
Y, Shor, R. Elaborating the connection between social class and classism. American Journal of Community Psychology. Published on-line. Social problems are social: Empirical evidence and reflections on integrating community psychology into traditional curriculum. Pathways of transformational service-learning: Exploring the relationships between context, disorienting dilemmas, and student response.
Journal of Transformative Education , 15 2 , Chan, W. From moment to movement: Empowerment and resilience as a framework for collective action in Hong Kong.
American Journal of Community Psychology, 59 , Barriers to helpseeking for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer survivors of intimate partner violence. Trauma, Violence and Abuse, 17 5 , p. The goals of IPV survivors receiving orders of protection: An application of the empowerment process model.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 31 17 , Goodman, L. Psychology of Violence, 5 4 , What is empowerment anyway? A model for domestic violence practice, research and evaluation. Psychology of Violence, 5 1 , Charlottesville: University of Virginia, forthcoming Spring Edited with an introduction. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, Co-edited with an introduction.
Reprinted in J. William Harris, Ed. Reprinted in Nancy F. Cott, ed. Munich and London, , 3: Research Interests: French linguistics, first and second language acquisition, bilingualism, articulatory and acoustic phonetics, experimental phonology.
Chanethom, V. Students' attitudes towards critical telecollaboration: A case study. Mather eds. Emerald Publishing: UK. Journal of Linguistics and Language Teaching 10 2 , The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 4 , Botinis ed. English Today 26 3 , Nanjing: Jiangsu renmin chubanshe Jiangsu People's Press , Leiden: Brill, Michael G.
Cook, Joshua L. Goldstein, Matthew D. Johnson, and Sigrid Schmalzer, eds. New York: Lexington Books, Click here for this volume's companion website and here for online materials for Ch. An online adaptation of this essay also appears here as: Michael G. Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, Singapore: Asian Civilisations Museum, Cinema and Urban Culture in Shanghai, , p. Stanford: Stanford University Press, Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, Research Interests: Emotion regulation and the development of psychopathology and substance use in adolescence; Parent-focused interventions; Bio-psycho-social models of emotion.
Chaplin, T. Sex-differentiated associations among negative parenting, emotion-related brain function, and adolescent substance use and psychopathology symptoms. Social Development, 28, Parenting-focused mindfulness intervention reduces stress and improves parenting in highly-stressed mothers of adolescents. Mindfulness, Prenatal cocaine exposure differentially affects stress responses in girls and boys: associations with future substance use.
Development and Psychopathology, 27, Gender differences in emotion expression in children: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin , , Parent-adolescent conflict interactions and adolescent alcohol use. Addictive Behaviors, 37, The role of emotion regulation in the development of psychopathology.
Abela Eds. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Chen, Cher Weixia. Women and Language 41, no. Oxford University Press, Gorski, Paul and Cher Weixia Chen. Chen, Cher Weixia and Paul Gorski. Chen, Cher Weixia and Mike Gilmore. China: Social Sciences Academic Press, Hart Publishing Co, Long, A.
Admissions criteria as predictor of first-term success at a chiropractic institution. Journal of Chiropractic Education. Dickson, T. Impact of funding allocation on physical therapist research productivity and DPT student graduates: An analysis using panel data. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 24 , Simon, J. Linking planning, ownership, governance, and execution: Fundamental steps in building an effective data culture.
Henderson Eds. Chen, P. Assessment, evaluation, and research. New Directions for Higher Education , , Transparency for whom? Impacts of accountability movements for institutional researchers and beyond. New Directions for Institutional Research , , Keller, J.
Investigating instructional methods in community college developmental mathematics. Does personality matter? Journal of Higher Education , 86 5 , Bridging student engagement and satisfaction: A comparison between Historical Black Colleges and Universities and predominantly White institutions.
Journal of Negro Education , 83 4 , SUNY Press, Aristotle, the Eleatics, and the Possibility of Explanation. Rosenblum, K. Haines, and H. Connectedness and the Evolving Meanings of International Education. Ly Thi Tran and Catherine Gomes.
Singapore: Springer, Cho, H. Haines, and K. Krishna Bista and Charlotte Foster. Pennsylvania: IGI Global, Rosenblum, eds. Garland Press, Andrew Horton Cambridge University Press, , pp. Peter Rollberg. James Press, Kashani, M. Taking aim at nurse stress: A call to action. Military Medicine, , Chrosniak, L. Effects of enhanced zinc in drinking water on spatial memory and fear conditioning.
Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 88, Riskind, J. A cognitive vulnerability to anxiety and danger: Looming maladaptive style. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 29, Research Interests: Internationalization of higher education; International branch campuses; Student transitions to college. Cicchetti, K. Home away from home? A case study of student transitions to an international branch campus.
Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice. Student affairs and offshore branch campuses: A case study of practitioner experiences.
Journal of College Student Development, 59 , Alcock, C. Cooper, J. Oyler, K. Utilizing parents as a resource: The use of appreciative inquiry in academic advising.
Research Interests: Paleolithic archaeology, human-environmental interaction, hunter-gatherer lifeways, zooarchaeology. Clark, Jamie L. The Still Bay and pre-Still Bay fauna from Sibudu Cave: taphonomic and taxonomic analysis of the macromammal remains from the Wadley excavations. Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology. Quaternary International. Journal of Human Evolution. Speth, eds. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series.
Dordrecht: Springer. Navigating the Fiction of Ernest J. Gaines: A Roadmap for Readers. Louisiana State UP, Gaines, and August Wilson. U of Illinois P, Sandra G. Shannon and Sandra L. Review of Randall Kenan ed. Pedagogy and the Race for Queerness. Patrick Johnson and Mae G. Hazel Arnett Ervin and Hilary Holladay. Westport, CT: Praeger, Research Interests: health and environmental risk perception, communication.
Boudet, H. Energy Policy, 65, Clarke, C. Jacquet, J. Energy Policy, 97, The influence of weight-of-evidence messages on vaccine attitudes: A sequential mediation model. Journal of Health Communication, 20, Clarke , C. Public opinion on energy development: The interplay of issue framing, top-of-mind associations, and political ideology.
Energy Policy, 81, Highlighting consensus among medical scientists increases public support for vaccines: Evidence from a randomized experiment. BMC Public Health , 15, Cobb, T. Black mental health: We are our own solution. Mental health rhetoric research: Toward strategic interventions. Austin, M. Sims Eds. Are you listening? Overcoming barriers in difficult conversations on social justice. Communication Teacher , Austin, J. Red table talk: Discussion on social marginality.
Communication Teacher. Research Interests: Climate communication, cognitive science, psychology, misconception-based learning. Cook, J. The Consensus Handbook. Deconstructing climate misinformation to identify reasoning errors. Environmental Research Letters , 11 2. Neutralizing misinformation through inoculation: Exposing misleading argumentation techniques reduces their influence. Bedford, D. Climate Change: Examining the Facts. Consensus on consensus: a synthesis of consensus estimates on human-caused global warming.
Environmental Research Letters , 11 4 , Topics in Cognitive Science, 8 1 , Quantifying the consensus on anthropogenic global warming in the scientific literature. Research Interests: Mexico-U. Los Zetas Inc. Austin: University of Texas Press New York: Palgrave Macmillan Markets and Cultural Voices: Liberty vs.
For a complete listing of Professor Coyne's publications, please refer to his personal website www. Craig, R. Spectrum: A Journal on Black Men. Hopson, M. Stone, R. Dennis, P. Rizova, A. Smith and X. Hou Eds. Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Nationalism. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. Race and crime. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. Journal of Communication Inquiry. Gibson, T. Covering global warming in dubious times: Science reporters in the new media ecosystem.
Journalism: Theory, Practice and Criticism. Castle Bell, G. Robinson Exploring Black and White accounts of 21 st century racial profiling and prejudice: Riding and driving while Black. Qualitative Research Reports in Communication 15 1 , Du Bois and the Race Concept at Midcentury.
By Eric Porter. Journal of Race and Policy 9 1 , Research Interests: Social-emotional teaching; Early childhood education; Classroom quality and teacher—student interactions; Quantitative Methods. Curby, T. Emotion-focused teaching practices and preschool children's social and learning behaviors. Gordon, R. Using the many-facet Rasch model to improve observational quality measures: An introduction and application to measuring the teaching of emotion skills.
Creating successful early learning environments. Alfonso and G. DuPaul's Eds. Healthy development in young children: Evidence-based interventions for early education. Sources of variance in end-of-course student evaluations. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education.
Transition practices into kindergarten and the barriers teachers encounter. Mashburn, J. LoCasale-Crouch, and K. Pears' Eds. Live versus video observations: Comparing the reliability and validity of two methods of assessing classroom quality. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment. Associations between preschoolers' social-emotional competence and preliteracy skills. Infant and Child Development, 24, Research Interests: U.
Curry, Daniel. Research Interests: Crime analysis, crime mapping, predictive policing, spatial analysis, network analysis. Dissertation : Black swan shootings: A model for predicting the worst of the worst, Dabbagh , N. Meaningful online learning: Integrating strategies, activities, and learning technologies for effective designs.
New York, N. Learning technologies and globalization: Pedagogical frameworks and applications. SpringerBriefs in Educational Communications and Technology. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. Online learning: Concepts, strategies, and application. Fake, H. Personalized learning within online workforce learning environments: Exploring implementations, obstacles, opportunities, and perspectives of workforce leaders. Technology, Knowledge, and Learning. Advance online publication. Student perspectives of technology use for learning in higher education.
The Study Qur'an with S. Nasr, C. Dagli, J. Lumbard, and M. Rustom , HarperOne, Paperback released Contributions to Hermeneutics 7 Ali Amir-Moezzi , Brepols, Google Scholar profile. Co-author with Anthony M. Dale, John G. Dale, John and David Kyle. Dale, John. Alien Tort Claims Act. Research Interests: Animal behavior and cognition, especially communication, social hierarchy, and the effects of domestication; the teaching of psychology. Artz, B. Green Care: A review of the benefits and potential of animal-assisted care farming.
Animals , 7 , Davis, D. Exam question sequencing effects and context cues. Teaching of Psychology, 44 3 , December 12, In praise of the humble quiz: A compendium of research findings.
College Teaching , 7 , Familiarity versus understanding: A formative assessment. College Teaching , 64 4 , McElroy, P. Using quizzes to improve exam scores. In their own best interest: Data-based decisions in the classroom. Research Interests: Interactions of early South Asian Buddhism with popular religious practice, the origin of the Buddha image and the social, political, religious factors that led to its codification and spread.
Shimada and J. Hawkes eds. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, J Mrazek and M Pitelka eds. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, The Letters of Ernest Hemingway , , Volume 2. Sandra Spanier, Albert J. DeFazio, and Robert Trogdon. The roles involved in making a LibriVox recording.
Not all volunteers read for LibriVox. If you would prefer not to lend your voice to LibriVox , you could lend us your ears. Proof listeners catch mistakes we may have missed during the initial recording and editing process. Readers record themselves reading a section of a book, edit the recording, and upload it to the LibriVox Management Tool.
For an outline of the Librivox audiobook production process, please see The LibriVox recording process. We require new readers to submit a sample recording so that we can make sure that your set up works and that you understand how to export files meeting our technical standards.
We do not want you to waste previous hours reading whole chapters only to discover that your recording is unusable due to a preventable technical glitch.
0コメント